Throughout the period of the Industrial Revolution, chemistry as a branch of learning grew from a purely empirical and incomplete science to a theoretically founded science which could respond rapidly to the demands of growing industries. New developments in many industries, including food preservation, glass making, soap production, and textiles led to greater experimentation. The general acceptance of the system of chemical elements after the work of Lavoisier provided a theoretical underpinning for the new empirical discoveries.

This revolution in chemistry is represented by growth in production of food and oil. Drillers improve Oil wells to Level II, producing four units per turn. Ranchers improve Livestock ranches to Level III, producing four units per turn.